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All animals as individuals including bulls, dams of bulls, donor dams, embryo transfer calves and parentage determination when ID questions arise(Holstein uses laboratories for genotyping and blood typing that follow the recommendations of the International Society for Animal Genetics.)
Click here to view Holstein Association USA's genomic testing services.
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To identify red carriers, non-red carriers and black/red genes.
To determine an animal's polled status.
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(Complex Vertebral Malformation)*
A genetic defect that results in decreased fertility, aborted fetuses and stillborn calves. Affected calves who survive until late gestation exhibit a combination of symptoms that can include malformed legs and fused vertebrae.
(Bovine Leukocyte Adhesion Deficiency)*
A deficiency of a normally occurring protein that white blood cells need to ward off infection. Affected calves suffer frequent and recurrent bacterial infections resulting in premature death.
(Syndactylism)*
Single toe on one or more feet. Calves are otherwise normal but the condition affects their mobility and thriftiness. A mulefooted animal is not eligible for registration.
A genetic disorder that causes bleeding problems.
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| *CVM, BLAD, Mule Foot and Brachyspina affected calves can only result when a carrier cow is mated to a carrier bull. |
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Genotyping services are offered to test animals for the different genetic variants of protein (casein) in milk. Researchers have found that differences in the Kappa-Casein genotypes are related to yields of total casein and cheese production traits, such as, fat recovery and clotting times.
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| Freemartin, Citrullinemia and DUMPS |
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| Embryo Export Certificates, with related genotypes and/or blood types |
| Special Export Documents including Recessive Statements |
CVM and BLAD Labels for Registration Certificates:
(Testing not initiated through the Holstein Association) |
